Taxes

A Brief History of the Federal Estate Tax

A Brief History of the Federal Estate Tax

It has been called an inheritance tax, a transfer tax, and a wealth tax. However, the estate tax, as it is presently called, dates back to Egypt in 700 B.C., and it was brought to the world stage by the Roman Empire nearly 2,000 years ago, when Emperor Caesar Augustus imposed the Vicesina Hereditatatium. But for our purposes, we are going to fast forward a few millennia.

The Estate Tax in America

The estate tax has been a part of our country's culture and laws since almost the beginning. The first federal "estate" tax was passed by the 5th Congress in 1797 to pay for a naval build-up in anticipation of a possible war with France. It was then called “An Act Laying Duties on Stamped Vellum, Parchment, and Paper” and required payment of 25 cents on distributions by estates of between $50 and $100; 50 cents on the next $500; and $1 on each additional $500. When a treaty with France was signed to avoid the war, the tax was repealed in 1802.